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in,on,with,by,for,at,about,under,of,to,into,within,throughout,inside,outside,without,considering,regarding,respecting,including,according to,because of,by means of,in addition to,in front of,in spite of,from among,from behind,at about,after about……

一、介词词义不完整,不能单独使用,常以介词短语的形式的出现在句子中。

介词短语的构成:介词+(the)+宾语

介词的宾语通常有三种情况:

名词,代词宾格或v-ing形式。如:

on the desk (名词)

for Tom (名词)

for him (代词宾格)

after running (v-ing)

介词短语的作用:作表语、状语或定语。如:

Tom is in the room. (表语)

The boy in the room isTom. (定语)

They watch TV in the room.(状语)

二、九个常用介词的用法

1 at:在...

①在时间点:

at five o’clock 在五点钟

at noon at night at the weekend

at the age of 25, at that time,

②在小地点:

at home at the village

at the corner at the airport

at the post office,

③在注意力方向上:

look at point at knock at

④处于某种状态:

at work at hospital

2 in:在…里

①在某空间,地点内:

in Beijing in the room in space

②在某时间段内:

in the morning in 2018

in January in spring

in those day in the future

③在某个时间段后(多用于将来时):

in two days 两天后

④处于…中(表状态):

Tom is in good health. 汤姆身体健康。

⑤用某种语言:

in English 用英语

in Chinese用汉语

⑥穿衣服:

in red 穿红衣服

in a red coat 穿一件红外套

⑦在方向:

in the west in direction

⑧用什么材料(名词前不用介词):

in ink用墨水 in pencil 用铅笔

3 on:在...上面

①表地点(强调面与面的接触),

on the desk on the wall

②表时间(特定的某天)

on Sunday

on a cold morning 在一个寒冷的早上

on the morning of January 7, 2018

在2018年1月7日上午(早上)

③表处于某种状态:

on fire着火;起火;在燃烧,

on duty 在值班,on sale 出售;减价出售

on show被展示,被陈列;上演

on a visit to 访问某人,参观某地

区别:in on 与at表时间

歌诀记忆:in年in月in季节,on天,at点

at 在… (用于表示时刻,时间的某一点。)

on 在…(用于星期,某天,某一天的上午,下午,晚上,指具体的某一天时,一律用on )

in在…里面(用于表示周,月,季节,年,泛指上午,下午,晚上 如:

at five o’clock; at noon;

at night; at a quarter past five

in 1990; in September; in spring

in the morning; in a week

on Sunday; on Sunday morning;

on a cold morning;

on the morning of May Day

4 to 至;到; 往

①表方向(强调到达);至;到; 往

go to school the way to

②表示接受者:Give that to me.

③某人对某事的反应或态度:

To my surprise 使我吃惊的是

to my joy 使我高兴的是

④to+ 动词原形,构成不定式(此时to不是介词)

I want to go home now.我现在想回家。

区别:

介词in, to, on在方位名词前的区别 :

内in 接on 分离to 即

①in 表示某地在某地范围之内

② to 表示某地在某地范围之外

③ on 表示某地与某地相邻、接壤

Tianjin is (lies) in the east of China.

天津在中国东部.

Japan is (lies) to the east of China.

日本位于中国的东面

Mongolia is (lies) on the north of China.

蒙古国位于中国北边。

5 for 为,为了

① 表动作的对象:

for Tom 为了汤姆

for the people为了人民

② 表动作的方向:

leave for Nanyan 动身去南阳

③ 表动作的目的:

ask for help 寻求帮助

go there for lunch 去那吃午饭

eat bread for breakfast

吃面包做为早饭

for sale 供出售;待售

for free 义务地;无偿地;免费地

④引出动作持续的时间段:

注意此时for没词意:

keep it for two weeks

stay there for five years

⑤表动作的原因:

thank you for your help

sorry for saying that

6 by 被,由;在…附近

①表方式:

by bike 骑自行车

by hand 用手工

by oneself 单独;独自;亲自

by heart 牢记,凭记忆,用心

②表在...附近:

by the river 在河边

③表动作的的执行者:

by Tom by Luxun

④表表时间,不迟于

by the end of ... 到 ... 时为止,在 ... 之前

by evening 晚上前

⑤表原因,由于:

by mistake 错误地

7 with与…一起

①与…一起, 和…:

with his son 和他的儿子一起

with his parents 与他的父母一起

②表带着…,有…的,长着...:

the girl with long hair 长头发的女孩

tea with sugar 加糖的茶水

③表用(工具、手段、材料) (名词前用介词):

with a pen 用一支钢笔

④表拥有某物

a man with a lot of money

一个有着很多钱的男人

⑤表同时,或同一方向,“随着”

The big ship is sailing with the wind .

这个大船正随风向航行.

And with the last words ,she turned away.

随着最后一句话说完,他转身离开了

⑥表示在...之下

With one’s help

= with the help of sb 在某人的帮助下

8 of ...的

of 构成的短语通常做定语

①of + 名词构成介词短语大多做定语修饰其前的名词。根据名词的意思,该短语就译为“...的”如:

of the boy 男孩的

the name of the boy男孩的名字

of the desk 桌子的

the leg of the desk 桌子的腿

a history of 2000 years 两千年的历史

the surface of the earth 地球的表面

②与其它词构成表数量的短语修饰其后的名词(尤其是不可数名词)

two bottles of milk 两瓶牛奶

a bag of rice一袋米

plenty of water 足够多的水

a cup of tea一杯茶

a piece of paper一张纸

a pair of trousers一条裤子

a group of boys一群男孩

③of great +名词(=名词的同根形容词) 构成的介词短语做表语。如:

The book is of great use.

= The book is useful. 这本书非常有用。

9 from 来自...

①表出处、来源:出自,来自,从…而来

Tom is from Shanghai. 汤姆来自上海。

a teacher from Beijing 来自北京的老师

②表示地点的起点: 从...

He ran all the way home from school.

他从学校一路跑回家。

③表示时间“从...开始”“始于”

from ... to/till ..... 从...到....

from morning to evening 从早到晚

from 1:00 to 5:00 从一点到五点

from door to door从一家到另一家

from one to a hundred从一到一百

They are out together with their friends from morning till night.

他们整天和朋友们待在外边.

④ from ... on 从...起

from now on 从现在起

from tomorrow on 从明天起

⑤ 表示“离...远”:

具体距离 + from +地点 离某地有多远;

be far from sth 离...远

My school is far from my home.

学校离我家很远。

Beijing is 2000 km from Guangzhou.

北京离广州有2千公里。

⑥表示避免、阻止以免做某事:...from doing sth

keep sb from doing

prevent sb from doing sth;

protect sb from doing sth

⑦表示原料、材料)用,由

Paper is made from wood. 纸用木材做原料。

⑧from 与其它介词短语连用

from behind 从...后面

He came out from behind the door.

他从门后走出来了。

from under从底下

The old man brought it out from under the bed.

老人把它从床下取出来了。

拼音解读:

in,on,with,by,for,at,about,under,of,to,into,within,throughout,inside,outside,without,considering,regarding,respecting,including,according to,because of,by means of,in addition to,in front of,in spite of,from among,from behind,at about,after about……

yī 、jiè cí cí yì bú wán zhěng ,bú néng dān dú shǐ yòng ,cháng yǐ jiè cí duǎn yǔ de xíng shì de chū xiàn zài jù zǐ zhōng 。

jiè cí duǎn yǔ de gòu chéng :jiè cí +(the)+bīn yǔ

jiè cí de bīn yǔ tōng cháng yǒu sān zhǒng qíng kuàng :

míng cí ,dài cí bīn gé huò v-ingxíng shì 。rú :

on the desk (míng cí )

for Tom (míng cí )

for him (dài cí bīn gé )

after running (v-ing)

jiè cí duǎn yǔ de zuò yòng :zuò biǎo yǔ 、zhuàng yǔ huò dìng yǔ 。rú :

Tom is in the room. (biǎo yǔ )

The boy in the room isTom. (dìng yǔ )

They watch TV in the room.(zhuàng yǔ )

èr 、jiǔ gè cháng yòng jiè cí de yòng fǎ

1 at:zài ...

①zài shí jiān diǎn :

at five o’clock zài wǔ diǎn zhōng

at noon at night at the weekend

at the age of 25, at that time,

②zài xiǎo dì diǎn :

at home at the village

at the corner at the airport

at the post office,

③zài zhù yì lì fāng xiàng shàng :

look at point at knock at

④chù yú mǒu zhǒng zhuàng tài :

at work at hospital

2 in:zài …lǐ

①zài mǒu kōng jiān ,dì diǎn nèi :

in Beijing in the room in space

②zài mǒu shí jiān duàn nèi :

in the morning in 2018

in January in spring

in those day in the future

③zài mǒu gè shí jiān duàn hòu (duō yòng yú jiāng lái shí ):

in two days liǎng tiān hòu

④chù yú …zhōng (biǎo zhuàng tài ):

Tom is in good health. tāng mǔ shēn tǐ jiàn kāng 。

⑤yòng mǒu zhǒng yǔ yán :

in English yòng yīng yǔ

in Chineseyòng hàn yǔ

⑥chuān yī fú :

in red chuān hóng yī fú

in a red coat chuān yī jiàn hóng wài tào

⑦zài fāng xiàng :

in the west in direction

⑧yòng shí me cái liào (míng cí qián bú yòng jiè cí ):

in inkyòng mò shuǐ in pencil yòng qiān bǐ

3 on:zài ...shàng miàn

①biǎo dì diǎn (qiáng diào miàn yǔ miàn de jiē chù ),

on the desk on the wall

②biǎo shí jiān (tè dìng de mǒu tiān )

on Sunday

on a cold morning zài yī gè hán lěng de zǎo shàng

on the morning of January 7, 2018

zài 2018nián 1yuè 7rì shàng wǔ (zǎo shàng )

③biǎo chù yú mǒu zhǒng zhuàng tài :

on firezhe huǒ ;qǐ huǒ ;zài rán shāo ,

on duty zài zhí bān ,on sale chū shòu ;jiǎn jià chū shòu

on showbèi zhǎn shì ,bèi chén liè ;shàng yǎn

on a visit to fǎng wèn mǒu rén ,cān guān mǒu dì

qū bié :in on yǔ atbiǎo shí jiān

gē jué jì yì :innián inyuè injì jiē ,ontiān ,atdiǎn

at zài … (yòng yú biǎo shì shí kè ,shí jiān de mǒu yī diǎn 。)

on zài …(yòng yú xīng qī ,mǒu tiān ,mǒu yī tiān de shàng wǔ ,xià wǔ ,wǎn shàng ,zhǐ jù tǐ de mǒu yī tiān shí ,yī lǜ yòng on )

inzài …lǐ miàn (yòng yú biǎo shì zhōu ,yuè ,jì jiē ,nián ,fàn zhǐ shàng wǔ ,xià wǔ ,wǎn shàng rú :

at five o’clock; at noon;

at night; at a quarter past five

in 1990; in September; in spring

in the morning; in a week

on Sunday; on Sunday morning;

on a cold morning;

on the morning of May Day

4 to zhì ;dào ; wǎng

①biǎo fāng xiàng (qiáng diào dào dá );zhì ;dào ; wǎng

go to school the way to

②biǎo shì jiē shòu zhě :Give that to me.

③mǒu rén duì mǒu shì de fǎn yīng huò tài dù :

To my surprise shǐ wǒ chī jīng de shì

to my joy shǐ wǒ gāo xìng de shì

④to+ dòng cí yuán xíng ,gòu chéng bú dìng shì (cǐ shí tobú shì jiè cí )

I want to go home now.wǒ xiàn zài xiǎng huí jiā 。

qū bié :

jiè cí in, to, onzài fāng wèi míng cí qián de qū bié :

nèi in jiē on fèn lí to jí

①in biǎo shì mǒu dì zài mǒu dì fàn wéi zhī nèi

② to biǎo shì mǒu dì zài mǒu dì fàn wéi zhī wài

③ on biǎo shì mǒu dì yǔ mǒu dì xiàng lín 、jiē rǎng

Tianjin is (lies) in the east of China.

tiān jīn zài zhōng guó dōng bù .

Japan is (lies) to the east of China.

rì běn wèi yú zhōng guó de dōng miàn

Mongolia is (lies) on the north of China.

méng gǔ guó wèi yú zhōng guó běi biān 。

5 for wéi ,wéi le

① biǎo dòng zuò de duì xiàng :

for Tom wéi le tāng mǔ

for the peoplewéi le rén mín

② biǎo dòng zuò de fāng xiàng :

leave for Nanyan dòng shēn qù nán yáng

③ biǎo dòng zuò de mù de :

ask for help xún qiú bāng zhù

go there for lunch qù nà chī wǔ fàn

eat bread for breakfast

chī miàn bāo zuò wéi zǎo fàn

for sale gòng chū shòu ;dài shòu

for free yì wù dì ;wú cháng dì ;miǎn fèi dì

④yǐn chū dòng zuò chí xù de shí jiān duàn :

zhù yì cǐ shí forméi cí yì :

keep it for two weeks

stay there for five years

⑤biǎo dòng zuò de yuán yīn :

thank you for your help

sorry for saying that

6 by bèi ,yóu ;zài …fù jìn

①biǎo fāng shì :

by bike qí zì háng chē

by hand yòng shǒu gōng

by oneself dān dú ;dú zì ;qīn zì

by heart láo jì ,píng jì yì ,yòng xīn

②biǎo zài ...fù jìn :

by the river zài hé biān

③biǎo dòng zuò de de zhí háng zhě :

by Tom by Luxun

④biǎo biǎo shí jiān ,bú chí yú

by the end of ... dào ... shí wéi zhǐ ,zài ... zhī qián

by evening wǎn shàng qián

⑤biǎo yuán yīn ,yóu yú :

by mistake cuò wù dì

7 withyǔ …yī qǐ

①yǔ …yī qǐ , hé …:

with his son hé tā de ér zǐ yī qǐ

with his parents yǔ tā de fù mǔ yī qǐ

②biǎo dài zhe …,yǒu …de ,zhǎng zhe ...:

the girl with long hair zhǎng tóu fā de nǚ hái

tea with sugar jiā táng de chá shuǐ

③biǎo yòng (gōng jù 、shǒu duàn 、cái liào ) (míng cí qián yòng jiè cí ):

with a pen yòng yī zhī gāng bǐ

④biǎo yōng yǒu mǒu wù

a man with a lot of money

yī gè yǒu zhe hěn duō qián de nán rén

⑤biǎo tóng shí ,huò tóng yī fāng xiàng ,“suí zhe ”

The big ship is sailing with the wind .

zhè gè dà chuán zhèng suí fēng xiàng háng háng .

And with the last words ,she turned away.

suí zhe zuì hòu yī jù huà shuō wán ,tā zhuǎn shēn lí kāi le

⑥biǎo shì zài ...zhī xià

With one’s help

= with the help of sb zài mǒu rén de bāng zhù xià

8 of ...de

of gòu chéng de duǎn yǔ tōng cháng zuò dìng yǔ

①of + míng cí gòu chéng jiè cí duǎn yǔ dà duō zuò dìng yǔ xiū shì qí qián de míng cí 。gēn jù míng cí de yì sī ,gāi duǎn yǔ jiù yì wéi “...de ”rú :

of the boy nán hái de

the name of the boynán hái de míng zì

of the desk zhuō zǐ de

the leg of the desk zhuō zǐ de tuǐ

a history of 2000 years liǎng qiān nián de lì shǐ

the surface of the earth dì qiú de biǎo miàn

②yǔ qí tā cí gòu chéng biǎo shù liàng de duǎn yǔ xiū shì qí hòu de míng cí (yóu qí shì bú kě shù míng cí )

two bottles of milk liǎng píng niú nǎi

a bag of riceyī dài mǐ

plenty of water zú gòu duō de shuǐ

a cup of teayī bēi chá

a piece of paperyī zhāng zhǐ

a pair of trousersyī tiáo kù zǐ

a group of boysyī qún nán hái

③of great +míng cí (=míng cí de tóng gēn xíng róng cí ) gòu chéng de jiè cí duǎn yǔ zuò biǎo yǔ 。rú :

The book is of great use.

= The book is useful. zhè běn shū fēi cháng yǒu yòng 。

9 from lái zì ...

①biǎo chū chù 、lái yuán :chū zì ,lái zì ,cóng …ér lái

Tom is from Shanghai. tāng mǔ lái zì shàng hǎi 。

a teacher from Beijing lái zì běi jīng de lǎo shī

②biǎo shì dì diǎn de qǐ diǎn : cóng ...

He ran all the way home from school.

tā cóng xué xiào yī lù pǎo huí jiā 。

③biǎo shì shí jiān “cóng ...kāi shǐ ”“shǐ yú ”

from ... to/till ..... cóng ...dào ....

from morning to evening cóng zǎo dào wǎn

from 1:00 to 5:00 cóng yī diǎn dào wǔ diǎn

from door to doorcóng yī jiā dào lìng yī jiā

from one to a hundredcóng yī dào yī bǎi

They are out together with their friends from morning till night.

tā men zhěng tiān hé péng yǒu men dài zài wài biān .

④ from ... on cóng ...qǐ

from now on cóng xiàn zài qǐ

from tomorrow on cóng míng tiān qǐ

⑤ biǎo shì “lí ...yuǎn ”:

jù tǐ jù lí + from +dì diǎn lí mǒu dì yǒu duō yuǎn ;

be far from sth lí ...yuǎn

My school is far from my home.

xué xiào lí wǒ jiā hěn yuǎn 。

Beijing is 2000 km from Guangzhou.

běi jīng lí guǎng zhōu yǒu 2qiān gōng lǐ 。

⑥biǎo shì bì miǎn 、zǔ zhǐ yǐ miǎn zuò mǒu shì :...from doing sth

keep sb from doing

prevent sb from doing sth;

protect sb from doing sth

⑦biǎo shì yuán liào 、cái liào )yòng ,yóu

Paper is made from wood. zhǐ yòng mù cái zuò yuán liào 。

⑧from yǔ qí tā jiè cí duǎn yǔ lián yòng

from behind cóng ...hòu miàn

He came out from behind the door.

tā cóng mén hòu zǒu chū lái le 。

from undercóng dǐ xià

The old man brought it out from under the bed.

lǎo rén bǎ tā cóng chuáng xià qǔ chū lái le 。

您好,1. 美妙旋律在指尖流淌。

2. 音符跃动,情感飞扬。

3. 声音清脆,如同天籁之音。

4. 钢琴韵律,点亮心灵之火。

5. 音符交织,演绎生命之美。

6. 钢琴声音,如同一首动人的诗。

7. 悠扬琴声,唤起内心深处的感动。

8. 钢琴演奏,让心灵得到放松和安宁。

9. 奏响梦想,弹出心情。

10. 现代艺术的精髓,传统文化的瑰宝。

拼音解读:

nín hǎo ,1. měi miào xuán lǜ zài zhǐ jiān liú tǎng 。

2. yīn fú yuè dòng ,qíng gǎn fēi yáng 。

3. shēng yīn qīng cuì ,rú tóng tiān lài zhī yīn 。

4. gāng qín yùn lǜ ,diǎn liàng xīn líng zhī huǒ 。

5. yīn fú jiāo zhī ,yǎn yì shēng mìng zhī měi 。

6. gāng qín shēng yīn ,rú tóng yī shǒu dòng rén de shī 。

7. yōu yáng qín shēng ,huàn qǐ nèi xīn shēn chù de gǎn dòng 。

8. gāng qín yǎn zòu ,ràng xīn líng dé dào fàng sōng hé ān níng 。

9. zòu xiǎng mèng xiǎng ,dàn chū xīn qíng 。

10. xiàn dài yì shù de jīng suǐ ,chuán tǒng wén huà de guī bǎo 。

最佳姿势是平躺在床上,脖子后面垫一个枕头。 不要把手机屏幕正对着眼睛,最好向下倾斜45°左右,也不要向上倾斜,否则脖子施力久了会酸痛。 眼睛与手机可以保持30-50厘米的距离。

拼音解读:

zuì jiā zī shì shì píng tǎng zài chuáng shàng ,bó zǐ hòu miàn diàn yī gè zhěn tóu 。 bú yào bǎ shǒu jī píng mù zhèng duì zhe yǎn jīng ,zuì hǎo xiàng xià qīng xié 45°zuǒ yòu ,yě bú yào xiàng shàng qīng xié ,fǒu zé bó zǐ shī lì jiǔ le huì suān tòng 。 yǎn jīng yǔ shǒu jī kě yǐ bǎo chí 30-50lí mǐ de jù lí 。

剩余:2000